← Japanese deck


verb·n4
下る

山を下る
yama o kudaru
To go down a mountain
階段を下る
kaidan o kudaru
To go down the stairs
判決が下った
hanketsu ga kutt(a)?
A judgment was handed down
命令が下った
meirei ga kutt(a)?
An order was issued
dictionary下るkudaru
plain/dictionary form: to go downnegative下らないkudaranai
negative: do not go down / not ... (colloquial uses exist)polite下りますkudarimasu
polite present: go downpolite negative下りませんkudarimasen
polite negative: do not go downte form下ってkudatte
te-form: ...and go down / gerundpast下ったkudatta
past: went downpast negative下らなかったkudaranakatta
past negative: did not go downpotential下れるkudareru
potential: can go down / able to descendpassive下られるkudarareru
passive: be gone down / be handed down (e.g., a decision)causative下らせるkudaraseru
causative: make/let (someone) go downconditional下ればkudareba
conditional: if (someone) goes downvolitionalくだろうkudarou
volitional: let's go down / will go down (will/would)